Virupaksha Temple; Hampi, Karnataka, India. Photograph: Harshap3001 (2016), Wikimedia Commons

A form of Shiva, he was the tutelary deity of the Vijayanagara empire (1336–1646 CE). Within Hindu mythology, he is believed to have married Pampadevi, a local deity worshipped in Vijayanagara, and incorporated her and her followers into the religion.