Folio 1 of a manuscript of the Brihat Samhita of Varahamihira in a Nepalese script; 1279; Ink on palm leaf. Photograph: Sarah Welch (2018), Wikimedia Commons

A Sanskrit text written by the astronomer Varahamihira in the sixth-century CE, during the Gupta period. Primarily centred on astrology, it also recorded several aspects of the social, economic and material life of the era, including subjects such as architecture, iconometry and iconography, dress and ornaments, trade, arts and crafts, and the sciences.