Stupi

Thiruvaleeswarar Temple (detail); Chola period; Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India. Photograph: Perumalism (2025), Wikimedia Commons

A bulbous structure that is the apex of a temple and placed on the roof. Also known as the kalasha, it is an architectural motif found in structural and Dravida temples. Kuta (domed) roofs have only one stupi, while shala (barrel-shaped) roofs can have multiple stupis.