Buddha; Gandhara; Possibly Takht-i-bahi monastery, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; 3rd century CE; Schist; 92.7 x 27.9 cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

An epithet used for the Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, who lived sometime between the fourth to sixth century BCE. From the Sanskrit word shakyamuni, meaning “Sage of the Shakyas”; the epithet refers to the aristocratic birth clan of the Buddha, the Shakyas, who inhabited the area comprising present-day southern Nepal and northern India.