Bird's eye view of the city of Goa in the 16th century; Jan Huygen van Linschoten after Joannes/Baptista à/van Doetechum; c. 1596; Coloured engraving on paper; 57 x 81.5 cm. Photograph: KB National Library of the Netherlands, Wikimedia Commons

A Portuguese term literally meaning the State of India, it is used to refer to the regions of India that were a part of the Portuguese colonial state from 1505 to 1961. It included parts of areas present-day Goa, Daman and Diu, and Dadra and Nagar Haveli.