The Countess Canning; Josiah Rowe; Kolkata, India; 1861; Albumen silver print; 24.6 x 22.9 cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Charlotte Canning (b. 1817; d. 1861) was an artist and the wife of Charles Canning, the first Viceroy of India. Canning was a prolific watercolour artist and photographer in India. She was one of the driving forces behind The People of India project (1868–75).