Bodhisattva Padmapani, mural, Ajanta Cave 1; Maharashtra, India. Photograph: Ismoon (2011), Wikimedia Commons

Within the Mahayana tradition of the Buddhist faith, it refers to any figure who has renounced society and is on the path of enlightenment. The term is a combination of sattva, meaning “sentient being,” and bodhi, meaning “enlightenment.” In the Theravada tradition, however, it refers specifically to stories from the life of the Buddha before he achieved enlightenment.