Chakrasamvara and Vajravarahi; Malla dynasty; Kathmandu Valley, Nepal; 1575–1600; Distemper on cotton; 71.1 x 61 cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

A form of Tantric Buddhism that developed in India in the medieval period and is currently widely practiced in Tibet, Bhutan, parts of China and East Asia. This tradition incorporates a complex ritual vocabulary, including mantras (chants), mandalas, dances and mudras, believed to provide material and spiritual benefits to devotees. From the Sanskrit, meaning “diamond vehicle.”