The Four Seasons; Kano Tan’yū; Edo period; Japan; 1668; Six-panel folding screen, ink and slight colour on paper; 174 x 381 cm. The Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio

Known as sumi-e (black ink painting) in Japanese, it is a painting technique that uses black ink in water in varying concentrations to produce a semi-transparent wash. The technique was originally developed in East Asia and introduced to Indian painters, through the Tagore family, by Japanese art critic Okakura Kakuzo and his disciples in the early twentieth century.