A classification of songs from chapter thirty-two of the Natyashastra, which pertains to songs sung on stage during a performance. According to Abhinavagupta, these songs consisted of alamkara (notes), laya (beats), panyah (drums), varna (syllables), vakya (sentence) and yati (rhythmic patterns) which are harmoniously arranged in relation to each other. From the Sanskrit word dhruva, meaning “standpoint.”
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Music & Sound | Performance & Practice | Premodern Culture | All India | Ancient (300 BCE–600 CE)
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ChicagoImpart Encyclopedia of Art. "Dhruva." Last updated February 17, 2026. https://imp-art.org/definitions/dhruva/.
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MLA"Dhruva." Impart Encyclopedia of Art, Feb. 17, 2026, https://imp-art.org/definitions/dhruva/.
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HarvardImpart Encyclopedia of Art (2026) Dhruva. Available at: https://imp-art.org/definitions/dhruva/ (Accessed: 3 March 2026).
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