Dancers; Samuel Bourne; India; 1864; Albumen silver print; 22.9 x 27.9 cm. Asian Art Museum, San Francisco, and Google Arts & Culture

A term used for female dancers who performed nautch (a dance related to Kathak, Dasi Attam and folk dances) at royal courts during the early modern period, primarily in Mughal and Nawab courts and in princely states. By the eighteenth century, their popularity spread to include the patronage of smaller courts, local zamindars and officers of the East India Company. From the Hindi word naach, meaning “dance.”