Chand Bibi hawking with attendants in a landscape; Deccan, India; c. 1700; Opaque watercolour, gold, and silver on card-weight paper; 25.4 x 15.9 cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

Sultana Chand Bibi (b. 1550; d. 1599) was the acting ruler and regent of the Bijapur Sultanate from 1580–90 and of Ahmednagar Sultanate from 1595–1600. She was the wife of Ali Adil Shah I and is best remembered for their military defence of Ahmednagar from the Mughal emperor Akbar’s forces in 1595.